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Celebrity chefs are opening restaurants in Auckland quicker than you can name the TV show they star in. One of the more exciting, small plate options is Depot, located under the Sky Tower. The place is known for its raw shellfish bar of locally caught tuatua (large shellfish) or oysters. Be sure to try the fish sliders and other fresh-from–the-harbor fare.

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Posted: July 7, 2014T-00:00:03Engines at Full ThrustThe five main engines of the Soyuz rocket’s core stage and four strap-on boosters are at full thrust.T-00:00:00LaunchProducing more than 900,000 pounds of thrust, the Soyuz 2-1b rocket soars into the sky from the Guiana Space Center.T+00:01:58Jettison BoostersThe Soyuz rocket’s four strap-on boosters, each powered by an RD-107A engine, are jettisoned after consuming their propellant.T+00:03:29Jettison FairingThe ST-type payload fairing is released from the Soyuz rocket when it reaches the edge of the upper atmosphere. The 13.5-foot-diameter fairing protects the payload during the launch countdown and the flight through the dense lower atmosphere.T+00:04:48Core Stage SeparationHaving burned its propellant, the core stage of the Soyuz rocket, also known as the second stage, separates and the third stage’s RD-0124 engine ignites to continue the flight.T+00:09:23Soyuz/Fregat SeparationThe Soyuz rocket’s third stage releases the Fregat upper stage just shy of orbital velocity.T+00:10:23First Fregat IgnitionThe hydrazine-fueled Fregat upper stage ignites to place the O3b satellites in a low-altitude parking orbit.T+00:14:20First Fregat ShutdownThe Fregat upper stage shuts down to begin a coast phase. The Fregat and O3b satellites should now be in an orbit with a high point of 141 miles, a low point of 95 miles and an inclination of 5.15 degrees.T+00:22:50Second Fregat IgnitionThe Fregat stage’s main engine fires for a second time to boost the O3b satellites into a transfer orbit.T+00:31:22Second Fregat ShutdownAfter a 8-minute, 32-second burn, the Fregat upper stage shuts down to begin an 81-minute coast phase.T+01:52:25Third Fregat IgnitionThe Fregat main engine ignites a third time to place the O3b satellites into a circular equatorial orbit.T+01:57:27Third Fregat ShutdownThe third Fregat burn ends after injecting the satellites in a 4,865-mile-high orbit.T+02:00:47First Spacecraft SeparationSpacecraft no. 2 and spacecraft no. 4 separate from a dispenser on the Fregat upper stage.T+02:16:03 (Varies)Fourth Fregat BurnThe Fregat main engine fires a fourth time to adjust its orbit for separation of the other two O3b satellites.T+02:22:27 (Varies)Second Spacecraft SeparationSpacecraft no. 1 and spacecraft no. 3 separate from a dispenser on the Fregat upper stage. The Fregat engine will fire again later to move the upper stage into a graveyard orbit.Data source: ArianespaceJohn Glenn Mission PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!The historic first orbital flight by an American is marked by this commemorative patch for John Glenn and Friendship 7.Final Shuttle Mission PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!The crew emblem for the final space shuttle mission is available in our store. Get this piece of history!Celebrate the shuttle programFree shipping to U.S. addresses!This special commemorative patch marks the retirement of NASA’s Space Shuttle Program. Available in our store!Anniversary Shuttle PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!This embroidered patch commemorates the 30th anniversary of the Space Shuttle Program. The design features the space shuttle Columbia’s historic maiden flight of April 12, 1981.Mercury anniversaryFree shipping to U.S. addresses!Celebrate the 50th anniversary of Alan Shephard’s historic Mercury mission with this collectors’ item, the official commemorative embroidered patch.Fallen Heroes Patch CollectionThe official patches from Apollo 1, the shuttle Challenger and Columbia crews are available in the store. | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Soyuz launches broadband beacon for developing world SPACEFLIGHT NOWPosted: June 25, 2013 Four satellites soared into space Tuesday on top of a Soyuz rocket launched from the jungle of South America, beginning the assembly of a fleet of spacecraft equipped to beam broadband connectivity to billions of people beyond the reach of affordable high-speed Internet services. Liftoff of the Soyuz rocket with four O3b satellites was at 1927 GMT (3:27 p.m. EDT; 4:27 p.m. French Guiana time). Credit: ESA/CNES/Arianespace/Optique du video CSG/JM GuillonThe flight began at 1927:03 GMT (3:27:03 p.m. EDT) with a fiery liftoff from the Guiana Space Center, a European-run spaceport on the northeast coast of South America. The 151-foot-tall Soyuz launcher disappeared into clouds over the jungle launch base, where inclement weather forced two delays in the mission – first from Monday due to unfavorable high-altitude winds, then a 33-minute delay Tuesday to wait for a storm to pass.The three-stage launcher, flying in a modern configuration with a digital flight control system and an upgraded RD-0124 third stage engine, deployed a Fregat upper stage about nine minutes after liftoff to complete the task of placing the four 1,543-pound satellites in an unusual 4,865-mile-high orbit over the equator.From there, the satellites will begin linking customers in developing countries with the global Internet infrastructure, according to O3b Networks Ltd., the startup communications firm which owns the spacecraft.”There is no better reward for Arianespace than seeing the happy faces of our customers in the front row,” said Stephane Israel, chairman and CEO of Arianespace, the French company responsible for marketing and operating Soyuz launcher missions from the Guiana Space Center.It was the second Soyuz rocket launch in less than two hours, coming after a similar Russian-built launcher took off from Kazakhstan with an Earth observation satellite.Officials declared both of Tuesday’s launches successful, and the four O3b satellites are healthy and deployed their power-generating solar panels after separation from the Soyuz rocket and Fregat upper stage, according to Sandrine Bielecki, a spokesperson for Thales Alenia Space, builder of the O3b spacecraft.Within about a week, controllers at Thales will guide the satellites into higher orbits about 5,000 miles above Earth, before activating each craft’s 10 Ka-band transponders and 12 antennas for about three weeks of payload testing.Then O3b officials will wait for another launch of four identical satellites on another Soyuz rocket in September. By late this year, the company aims to launch commercial service of the network, and with the addition of another four satellites next year, O3b will be on a path toward revolutionizing Internet access in the developing world, according to Steve Collar, CEO of O3b Networks, based in the Channel Islands.Collar said one of the first regions to receive access to O3b bandwidth will be the Cook Islands, a tiny island nation in the South Pacific bypassed by terrestrial fiber-optic networks.”That’s all about to change as we open the pipe and deliver about six times more capacity as the Cook Islands have had up to this point,” Collar said.In the coming years, O3b satellites will reach customers across the planet between 45 degrees north and south latitude. Officials say O3b offers the benefits of fiber-optic lines without the costs to maintain them.Founded in 2007 by high-technology entrepreneur Greg Wyler, O3b Networks has raised more than $1.3 billion in financing from shareholders and lenders, including SES, Google, HSBC and Liberty Global.O3b has ordered 12 satellites – including the four spacecraft launched Tuesday – from Thales Alenia Space and booked three Soyuz launches with Arianespace. Artist’s concept of the O3b satellites in orbit. Credit: Thales Alenia Space”For the last few years, our life at O3b has been about building stuff,” Collar said in a post-launch speech. “We’ve been building satellites, we’ve been building ground stations, we’ve been building infrastructure, we’ve been building our company, and from today, that all changes. From today, our business is about you guys,” he said, referring to O3b’s customers.O3b’s name stands for the “other 3 billion,” referring to the number of people beyond the reach of fiber connectivity.”The Internet is now established as the key infrastructure to support every sector of the economy and is a fundamental driver of innovation, productivity and economic growth,” Collar said. “It’s the most transformational technology of our time, and yet this transformational technology is not available to everyone. There are 2 billion people in the world who are connected, and over the next 10 years, a further 3 billion will connect for the first time.”Wyler, who attended the launch with his family, said O3b’s advantage lies in its architecture. O3b’s satellites will fly in an unique medium-altitude orbit well below geostationary communications satellites 22,300 miles above Earth.”You can reach everybody from space, but all the satellites at the time were geostationary, 36,000 kilometers [22,300 miles] in the sky, which meant your Internet traffic had to go all the way up in the sky, causing about a half-second to a second of delay.”Other fleets of communications satellites in lower-altitude orbits, such as the craft owned by Iridium and Globalstar, are designed to serve mobile communications and telephony markets, not broadband Internet.The problem of latency – the time it takes for messages to be sent and received – is solved by building the O3b satellite fleet closer to Earth than geostationary altitudes.”Unless the [satellites] are closer, you’re not going to have a good conversation,” Wyler said, adding O3b promises a latency of 123 milliseconds.O3b and SES, its prime shareholder, have secured rights to deploy up to 120 satellites in medium Earth orbit. If demand for O3b is sufficient, the company could order more satellites beyond the 12 craft already on contract.”I can see a time in the future where O3b will become the largest satellite company in the world,” said John Dick, O3b’s chairman.John Glenn Mission PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!The historic first orbital flight by an American is marked by this commemorative patch for John Glenn and Friendship 7.Final Shuttle Mission PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!The crew emblem for the final space shuttle mission is available in our store. Get this piece of history!Celebrate the shuttle programFree shipping to U.S. addresses!This special commemorative patch marks the retirement of NASA’s Space Shuttle Program. Available in our store!Anniversary Shuttle PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!This embroidered patch commemorates the 30th anniversary of the Space Shuttle Program. The design features the space shuttle Columbia’s historic maiden flight of April 12, 1981.Mercury anniversaryFree shipping to U.S. addresses!Celebrate the 50th anniversary of Alan Shephard’s historic Mercury mission with this collectors’ item, the official commemorative embroidered patch.Fallen Heroes Patch CollectionThe official patches from Apollo 1, the shuttle Challenger and Columbia crews are available in the store. | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Soyuz poised for multi-national military mission SPACEFLIGHT NOWPosted: December 16, 2011 A Soyuz rocket is set to launch from South America with six satellites Friday to serve European defense agencies and Chilean security authorities. The Soyuz rocket’s payloads include the Pleiades 1 satellite, pictured at top, and four ELISA electronic intelligence satellites, two of which are seen at bottom. Chile’s SSOT satellite is not visible because it is inside the adapter’s central cylinder. Credit: ArianespaceThe Russian booster is hauling France’s Pleiades 1 imaging platform, four French ELISA electronic intelligence satellites and the SSOT Earth observation satellite for Chile.Liftoff is set for 0203:08 GMT Saturday (9:03:08 p.m. EST Friday) from the Guiana Space Center, a European-run spaceport on the northeast coast of South America.It is the second Soyuz mission staged from French Guiana. Another launcher successfully delivered two European Galileo navigation satellites into orbit in October.The three-stage Soyuz rolled from an integration building to the launch pad Monday morning. The rocket’s nose shroud, payloads and Fregat upper stage were attached later Monday.The Soyuz 2-1a rocket, a modernized version of the Soviet-era launcher, will haul the payloads to different orbits in a more than three-hour mission.Friday night’s blastoff is the first polar orbit mission for the Soyuz from South America. The 151-foot-tall launcher will pitch north from the space center, flying over the Atlantic Ocean before reaching orbit.The orbit is sun-synchronous, meaning the satellites fly over regions of Earth at the same time each day. It is a coveted type of orbit for Earth observation satellites and users relying on consistent imagery of zones across the globe.The Soyuz will propel itself to space in less than 9 minutes, then the launcher’s Fregat upper stage will ignite twice to accelerate to an orbit nearly 435 miles high.The mission’s six satellite passengers are fitted to an ASAP-S adapter, a multi-spacecraft platform designed to accommodate auxiliary payloads above, below and around its perimeter.The 2,138-pound Pleiades 1 satellite, about the size of an SUV, will deploy from the Fregat rocket stage 55 minutes after liftoff. Four minutes later, the French government’s ELISA satellites will simultaneously release from the APAS-S adapter, according to Arianespace, the commercial operator of the Soyuz rocket.The Fregat will fire its engine two more times to lower its orbit to 379 miles before casting free the SSOT reconnaissance satellite for Chile about 3 hours, 26 minutes into the flight. Artist’s concept of the Pleiades 1 satellite in orbit. Credit: EADS AstriumPleiades 1 is the first two satellites developed by CNES, the French space agency, to serve military and civil users. The Pleiades system is also partially funded by Belgium, Sweden, Spain and Austria.Spain and Italy will receive priority data for military needs under separate agreements with the French defense ministry.Italy and France share data from radar and optical observation satellites for defense purposes. The ORFEO agreement calls for imagery from Italy’s COSMO-SkyMed radar satellite system and France’s Pleiades optical program to be distributed to both nations. The Pleiades satellites each carry a Korsch telescope with a primary mirror 2.1 feet in diameter. Its CCD detectors are 40 times more sensitive to light than those in standard consumer digital cameras, according to CNES.Built by Astrium of France, Pleiades 1 will collect up to 450 images per day with a peak resolution of 70 centimeters, or about 2.3 feet. CNES says special processing can sharpen the images to a resolution of 50 centimeters, or less than 20 inches, placing the satellite among the top commercial observation platforms worldwide.U.S. commercial satellites provide imagery with a resolution of 16 inches, but data for civilian customers are blurred to a resolution of about 20 inches to meet the U.S. government’s regulatory requirements. The U.S. Defense Department only receives the best imagery.Astrium Services will sell Pleiades imagery, along with data from the Spot satellite series, to commercial customers and governments beyond Europe. Artist’s concept of the ELISA satellites in orbit. Credit: EADS AstriumAstrium also manufactured the quartet of ELISA satellites and Chile’s SSOT spacecraft.The ELISA program is a partnership between CNES and the French defense procurement agency DGA. Each satellite weighs about 265 pounds.Flying together in orbit, the ELISA satellites will locate and characterize radar sites around the world during a three-year mission. According to the French defense ministry, the DGA and the military’s intelligence division will explore uses for the electronic intelligence satellites.French defense officials hope ELISA will help create a catalog of radars for electronic warfare, according to CNES.The 258-pound SSOT satellite is the product of a partnership between the Chilean government and Astrium that included the development of ground control and image processing systems, giving Chile the ability to operate the satellite from within its own territory.SSOT’s 4.8-foot resolution images will be employed in mapping, agriculture, city planning, and natural resource, risk and disaster management. The satellite will also be used for national security applications.STS-134 PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!The final planned flight of space shuttle Endeavour is symbolized in the official embroidered crew patch for STS-134. Available in our store!Final Shuttle Mission PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!The crew emblem for the final space shuttle mission is now available in our store. Get this piece of history!Apollo CollageThis beautiful one piece set features the Apollo program emblem surrounded by the individual mission logos.STS-133 PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!The final planned flight of space shuttle Discovery is symbolized in the official embroidered crew patch for STS-133. Available in our store!Anniversary Shuttle PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!This embroidered patch commemorates the 30th anniversary of the Space Shuttle Program. The design features the space shuttle Columbia’s historic maiden flight of April 12, 1981.Mercury anniversaryFree shipping to U.S. addresses!Celebrate the 50th anniversary of Alan Shephard’s historic Mercury mission with this collectors’ item, the official commemorative embroidered patch. | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Soyuz rocket rolls to launch pad in French GuianaSPACEFLIGHT NOWPosted: April 1, 2014 Russian and European ground crews working in South America completed assembly of a Soyuz rocket on the launch pad Monday ahead of a Thursday liftoff to begin deployment of a multi-billion dollar Earth observing system.The Sentinel 1A spacecraft bolted atop the Soyuz rocket is the first of up to a dozen missions planned for launch before the end of the decade to supply data on Earth’s land surfaces, oceans and atmosphere to global scientists and European governments.The data will be instrumental to responding to threats such as climate change, natural disasters, or man-made incidents like oil spills.Liftoff is set for 2102:26 GMT (5:02:26 p.m. EDT; 6:02:26 p.m. local time) from the Soyuz launch pad at the Guiana Space Center, the European-run spaceport on the northern coast of South America.The launch will mark the seventh Soyuz mission to take off from French Guiana since October 2011.Weighing more than 4,700 pounds at liftoff, the Sentinel 1A satellite carries a C-band synthetic aperture radar to track changes in land cover, monitor sea ice and locate oil spills.The spacecraft was attached to the Soyuz rocket Monday evening after the three-stage rocket rolled to the launch pad from its integration building earlier in the day.The rollout operations began Monday around sunrise. Russian workers moved the three-stage rocket on a specialized transporter-erector system riding on rail tracks. By midday, the Soyuz was lifted vertical over the launch pad’s cavernous flame trench carved out of granite bedrock. The Sentinel 1A spacecraft, already enclosed inside the Soyuz rocket’s ST-type 13.5-foot-diameter payload fairing, arrived at the launch pad Monday evening before it was lifted into the facility’s 17-story mobile gantry for mating with the Soyuz third stage.The Soyuz fairing, Sentinel 1A payload and the mission’s Fregat-M upper stage are collectively referred to as the “upper composite” of the launcher.See our for the latest news on the mission.

“Goodnight from space. Our planet is almost all ocean and so pretty.”

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Posted: May 1, 2009T-00:00LiftoffThe Delta 2 rocket’s main engine and twin vernier steering thrusters are started moments before launch. Six of the nine strap-on solid rocket motors are ignited at T-0 to begin the mission.T+01:04.0SRB BurnoutThe ground-start Alliant TechSystems-built solid rocket motors consume all their propellant and burn out.T+01:05.5Air-Lit SRM IgnitionThe three remaining solid rocket motors strapped to the Delta 2 rocket’s first stage are ignited.T+01:26.0Jettison SRBsThe spent solid rocket boosters are jettisoned to fall into the Pacific Ocean. The spent casings remained attached until the vehicle passed into preset drop zone, clear of offshore oil platforms.T+01:30.0Begin Dog-legAfter initially flying from Vandenberg along a 196-degree flight azimuth, the rocket begins steering itself to obtain the desired orbital inclination. This dog-leg maneuver continues for 42 seconds.T+02:11.5Jettison Air-Lit SRMsHaving burned out, the three spent air-started solid rocket boosters are jettisoned toward the Pacific Ocean.T+04:23.4Main Engine CutoffAfter consuming its RP-1 fuel and liquid oxygen, the Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne RS-27A first stage main engine is shut down. The vernier engines cut off moments later.T+04:31.4Stage SeparationThe Delta rocket’s first stage is separated now, having completed its job. The spent stage will fall into the Pacific Ocean.T+04:36.9Second Stage IgnitionWith the stage jettisoned, the rocket’s second stage takes over. The Aerojet AJ118-K liquid-fueled engine ignites for the first of two firings needed to place the STSS-ATRR spacecraft into the proper orbit.T+04:41.0Jettison Payload FairingThe 10-foot diameter payload fairing that protected the STSS-ATRR cargo atop the Delta 2 during the atmospheric ascent is jettisoned is two halves.T+10:04.6Second Stage Cutoff 1The second stage engine shuts down to complete its first firing of the launch. The rocket and attached spacecraft are now in a coast period before the second stage reignites.T+52:51.9Second Stage RestartDelta’s second stage engine reignites for a short firing to adjust the orbit.T+53:13.0Second Stage Cutoff 2The second stage shuts down after a 21-second burn that injects the payload into its desired near-circular, sun-synchronous orbit.T+58:00.0Payload SeparationThe Space Tracking and Surveillance System Advanced Technology Risk Reduction satellite, or STSS-ATRR, is released from the Delta 2 rocket to complete the launch.Data source: ULA.Final Shuttle Mission PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!The crew emblem for the final space shuttle mission is now available in our store. Get this piece of history!STS-134 PatchFree shipping to U.S. addresses!The final planned flight of space shuttle Endeavour is symbolized in the official embroidered crew patch for STS-134. Available in our store!Ares 1-X PatchThe official embroidered patch for the Ares 1-X rocket test flight, is available for purchase.Apollo CollageThis beautiful one piece set features the Apollo program emblem surrounded by the individual mission logos.Project OrionThe Orion crew exploration vehicle is NASA’s first new human spacecraft developed since the space shuttle a quarter-century earlier. The capsule is one of the key elements of returning astronauts to the Moon.Fallen Heroes Patch CollectionThe official patches from Apollo 1, the shuttle Challenger and Columbia crews are available in the store. | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Delta 345 launch timelineSPACEFLIGHT NOW

Animation shows Cassini firing its engine to enter orbit around Saturn. Credit: NASA TV/Spaceflight NowIf all goes well, Cassini will brake into orbit around Saturn the night of June 30, firing its main engine for a nerve-wracking 96.4 minutes. Another 51-minute rocket firing in late August will raise the low point of Cassini’s orbit and set the stage for a true voyage of discovery. Equipped with state-of-the-art telescopes, an imaging radar system and a battery of other powerful instruments, Cassini will spend at least four years orbiting the sixth planet from the sun, studying its rings in unprecedented detail, making high-resolution movies of its windy atmosphere, charting its magnetic field and mapping a host of icy moons. Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, will get special treatment in January when the European-built Huygens probe now bolted to Cassini’s hull makes a parachute descent to the surface through the moon’s smoggy atmosphere. Bigger than the planet Mercury, Titan is the only moon in the solar system with a thick atmosphere, one in which hydrocarbons fall as rain and liquid ethane pools on its ultra-cold surface. “Imagine a world that’s smaller than Mars and bigger than the planet Mercury, where the air is four times denser at its surface than the air in this room and the surface pressure is about the same as you’d experience at the bottom of a neighborhood swimming pool,” said Jonathan Lunine, a University of Arizona physicist and a member of the Cassini science team. “On that world, the distant sun is never seen and at high noon, things are no brighter than a partly moonlit night on the Earth. “Because of its great distance, the cold is so enormous that water is always frozen out of the atmosphere. Nitrogen is nearly so, but not quite. And the simplest organic molecule, methane, is there to take the place of water as a cloud former, possibly a rain maker and maybe even the stuff of lakes or seas of hydrocarbons. “The methane is lofted hundreds of miles above the surface of this world,” Lunine said before Cassini’s launch in 1997. “It’s cracked open by sunlight and cosmic rays and a menagerie of more complicated organics is produced from the methane and these then float down to the surface to accumulate over time, perhaps to depths of hundreds of meters or more. Volcanism and impacts shape the surface and provide energy to make ever more complex organic molecules in a planet-wide tapestry that is an organic chemist’s dream. “What I have described to you is Titan, the second largest moon in the solar system, nearly the largest. It was partly revealed to us by Voyager 1 in 1980. Through its many instruments, Voyager discovered and characterized a dense atmosphere around this cold world. Yet … Voyager’s cameras could not penetrate the organic haze and so we still do not know what awaits Cassini-Huygens at the end of its journey.” An artist’s concept shows the Huygens craft making its descent to Titan. Credit: ESABut in the years since Cassini’s launch, optical and radar observations from Earth have given scientists at least a hint of what the spacecraft might find. Scientists are convinced lakes or small oceans of liquid hydrocarbons exist on Titan, but not a globe-spanning sea. One way or the other, the European Space Agency’s Huygens probe should resolve the matter, perhaps even splashing down in one of the frigid pools. “Titan is almost certainly not the home of life today,” Lunine said. “But the organic chemical cycles that go on may constitute a chemical laboratory for replaying some of the steps that led to life on Earth. Titan is in some ways the closest analogue we have to the Earth’s environment before life began and this makes Titan very important.” The Cassini mother ship, meanwhile, will fly through 76 ever-changing orbits of Saturn over the next four years, using the gravity of Titan to warp its trajectory, setting up subsequent encounters. Forty-five flybys of Titan are planned, four of the moon Enceladus, two each for Iapetus, Rhea and Tethys and one each for Mimas, Hyperion and Dione. Put another way, Cassini will make more than 50 close passes by seven of Saturn’s 31 known moons. Flyby altitudes will be as low as 310 miles, but Titan encounters will be limited to about 590 miles to avoid possible aerodynamic effects from flying through the extreme upper reaches of its atmosphere. Cassini will use its dish antenna to make radar maps of Titan’s hidden surface. Special filters will be used to permit its cameras to glimpse the surface through specific spectral “windows.” While scientists aren’t sure what they will see, the mission could provide key insights into how life began on Earth. “Probably the most important thing that our generation can do is to understand the evolution of life in our solar system and throughout the universe,” said Charles Elachi, director of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and leader of the Cassini radar experiment. “In a sense, Cassini will write one of those chapters … in the book of how life evolved in our universe.” And throughout the voyage, Cassini’s instruments will study Saturn itself, its rings and its space environment. Workers put final touches on Cassini at Kennedy Space Center prior to launch in 1997. Credit: NASA-KSC”This mission’s objective is a four-year, close-up study of the Saturnian system, including its atmosphere, the magnetosphere surrounding Saturn, those rings, its many icy moons and the large moon, Titan,” said Wesley Huntress, NASA’s associate administrator for space science at the time of Cassini’s launch. “The mission represents a rare opportunity to gain significant insights into major scientific questions about the creation of the solar system, pre-life conditions here on early Earth and just a host of questions about Saturn itself. “Saturn, its rings and its moon system hold clues to understanding the origin of our solar system,” he continued. “Its rings are a system are not too unlike the early solar nebula out of which our own planets formed. The processes that sustain that ring may yield information on processes of planetary formation and this information in turn can help us understand what happens around other stars as well.” Cassini is the most ambitious – and expensive – interplanetary project ever attempted, eclipsing even the dual Mars Viking orbiters and landers in inflation-adjusted total cost. Equipped with three nuclear power sources, 12 instruments, multiple radios, a pair of digital data recorders, two primary computers and more than 50 other subcomputers, Cassini is a marvel of late 20th Century engineering. Standing 22 feet tall and 13 feet wide, the six-ton spacecraft features a 13-foot wide communications and radar antenna, a 40-foot-long magnetometer boom, 22,000 wire connections, 7.5 miles of electrical cabling, 82 radioisotope heater units to keep its internal systems warm, 16 hydrazine thrusters for coarse attitude control, four reaction wheels for finer, gyroscopic attitude control and two main engines (one is a backup) for major course changes. This graphic highlights some of the key items on Cassini. Credit: NASA/JPLVirtually every major system and subsystem has redundant backup hardware and an army of computer programmers has developed complex software sequences that will enable Cassini to detect and correct faults on its own, without intervention from Earth. That’s not an option when it can take nearly 90 minutes for radio signals, traveling at 186,000 miles per second, to reach flight controllers, informing them of a problem. “At Saturn, worst case, there’s an hour and 30 minutes one-way light time,” said Julie Webster, lead spacecraft engineer at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. “So by the time we send up a command and get confirmation back, it’s often three hours round-trip light time. The spacecraft has to be designed to take care of itself completely for a period of up to two weeks. And that’s for normal operations.” Said Lunine: “We’ve never sent a spacecraft with the kind of instrumentation, the variety and number of instruments and the power of the instruments to the outer solar system prior to Cassini. “It’s really a tour de force,” he said in an interview. “And it’s going to be, if all goes well, an incredibly exciting four years in the Saturn system. I think we’ll learn that this is more than just a solar system within a solar system. There are just things unique about the Saturn system – the rings, Titan, other aspects – that will make it an incredibly interesting place to explore. … Cassini should really knock our socks off.”MISSION PREVIEWStargaze II DVDThe Stargaze II DVD has arrived! It features over 65 minutes of all new videos of the universe with newly-composed dolby digital and DTS 5.1 Channel surround sound music. Choose your store: – – – Solar system poster This new poster is popular for classrooms and children’s bedrooms. It includes interesting facts and figures about the planets and their moons. Choose your store: – – – Apollo 15 DVD Relive on DVD the journey of Apollo 15, one of the great explorations of our time. This unique six-disc DVD set contains all the available television and 16mm film footage from the mission.Choose your store: – – – Shuttle patchesCollect the official mission patches for the first ten space shuttle flights and save off the regular price. Introducing the Space Shuttle Patch Collection.Choose your store: – – – | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Spaceflight Now +Premium video content for our Spaceflight Now Plus subscribers.Cassini updateMission managers and scientists provide an update on the Cassini mission and preview the spacecraft’s arrival at Saturn during this news conference from June 29. (51min 58sec file)Phoebe science briefingScientists report scientific results from the Cassini spacecraft’s close-up examination of Saturn’s moon Phoebe. (31min 53sec file)Phoebe flyby previewThis animation shows Cassini during its encounter with the tiny moon Phoebe on the route to Saturn. (42sec file)Cassini previewThe Cassini spacecraft’s arrival at Saturn is previewed in this detailed news conference from NASA Headquarters on June 3. (50min 01sec file)Saturn arrival explainedCassini’s make-or-break engine firing to enter orbit around Saturn is explained with graphics and animation. Expert narration is provided by Cassini program manager Robert Mitchell. (3min 33sec file)Cassini scientists ready for first close Titan flyby UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA NEWS RELEASEPosted: October 25, 2004The Cassini spacecraft is heading for its first close encounter with Saturn’s moon Titan. University of Arizona scientists on the mission say Cassini will get its first real glimpse of Titan surface geology and digest its first gulp of rich Titan air.The Oct. 26 flyby is the first of Cassini’s 45 close Titan passes over thenext four years. Scientists will combine unique types of informationfrom a dozen instruments on the orbiter for new insights on Titan,Saturn’s largest and most exotic moon. The NASA spacecraft will deploy theEuropean SpaceAgency’s Huygens probe to Titan in December. The probe,carrying six instruments, will descend through Titan’s atmosphere inJanuary 2005.UA’s Cassini scientists will be at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory inPasadena, Calif., this week for this first close Titan flyby.Cassini imaging cameras will photograph Titan every 15 minutes or soduring approach, said Alfred S. McEwen, a member of the Cassini imagingteam. “We’ll get a movie of Titan’s very interesting clouds. They form anddissipate and blow in the wind. Some of them are strange shapes andstreaks and things we really don’t understand.”Then, as we get closer, we’ll start mapping. We’ll make a full disk,four-color mosaic. We’ll see the surface, we’ll see the limb hazes,we’ll see whatever clouds there are,” McEwen said. “These are things we’llmake posters of, and that everyone will have on their walls.””As we get closer and closer, we map specific regions at higher andhigher resolution. This includes a mosaic over the Huygens landing site.It should be our best look at that location,” McEwen said.Cassini cameras will continue snapping high-resolution pictures ofdifferent Titan terrains as the spacecraft zooms on to Titan’s night side.Cassini imaging operations involve an international team of scientistsheaded by Carolyn Porco, UA adjunct professor of planetary sciences.Porco directs the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colo. Most of theuplink and downlink imaging tasks are handled at the Boulder facility.”The Titan imaging atmosphere observations for the upcoming flybyhave been planned by scientists at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory andsequenced in Boulder,” Porco said. “But the very close observations, thosewith the goal of mapping the Titan surface at between 50 and 200 metersper pixel, have all been planned, designed and sequenced by our teammembers at the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory. It’s a very challengingtask to plan imaging sequences during a close flyby when the geometry ischanging rapidly. And they’ve done an excellent job. We’re in for quite ashow.”Robert H. Brown leads Cassini’s visual and infrared mapping spectrometer(VIMS) team, based at UA’s Lunar and Planetary Lab in Tucson. “We know VIMSwill see through the haze to Titan’s surface,” Brown said. “At closestapproach – 1,200 kilometers (745 miles) – we’ll have 600-meter-pixelresolution. We’ll be able to see very small geologic features. We’llget very high resolution looks at atmospheric phenomena, too. But frommy perspective, the really important thing about this encounter isreally digging down below the atmosphere and getting our first realglimpse of Titan geology.”We don’t know what we’re going to encounter there. I suppose you canassume we’ll see common geologic forms like mountains and craters andtectonic faults, maybe even volcanism,” Brown said.Titan is possibly the land of a thousand hydrocarbon lakes. UA planetarysciences and physics Professor Jonathan I. Lunine theorized as agraduate student more than 20 years ago that Titan could have liquidhydrocarbon seas or lakes. Lunine is the only U.S. scientist selected bythe European Space Agency for its three-member Huygens probeinterdisciplinary science team. He and Ralph Lorenz of UA’s Lunar andPlanetary Laboratory also are members of the radar team. Cassini will getits first radar images of Titan on tomorrow’s flyby.”If either the radar or VIMS system on the orbiter take images ofliquid-filled crater basins, that to me would be very, veryexciting,” Lunine said. Scientists would then have evidence that surfacelakes are a source and sink for methane in Titan’s hydrologic cycle.VIMS will see Titan’s hydrocarbon pools, if they exist and aren’thidden by some low-lying fog or other strange phenomenon, Brown said.VIMS team member Caitlin Griffith said, “Closest approach will giveus the most exciting VIMS data because we have that clear view down to thesurface. We want to isolate different terrain types and start seeingtexture.”When the Cassini spacecraft flew within 339,000 kilometers (210,600miles) of Titan in July, VIMS was so far away that everything it saw wassmeared over 150 kilometers (93 miles), Griffith said. “That’s like takinga picture of Arizona but smearing all of Tucson with all of Phoenix andbeyond, towards Flagstaff. This time, we’ll be close enough to isolate andidentify lakes and mountains, and maybe see shadows cast at differentillumination angles.”Cassini won’t just look at Titan next Tuesday. Cassini’s Ion andNeutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) will taste mysterious, subtle flavors inTitan’s atmosphere, team member and UA planetary sciences Professor RogerYelle said.”Our instrument will scoop up a breath of Titan’s puffy atmosphereduring the flyby,” Yelle said. The experiment will measure how manymolecules of different masses it got in the gulp of Titan’s mostlynitrogen, methane-laced atmosphere.”Scientists with telescopes have so far seen 19 different chemicalmolecules in Titan’s atmosphere — more than in any other solar systembody’s atmosphere except Earth’s,” Yelle said. Laboratory experiments showthere are probably many more kinds of chemicals in Titan’s atmosphere, headded.Yelle and other INMS scientists want to identify the big, complicated andinteresting hydrogen-and-carbon-containing molecules because theyare part of a planetary system that possibly rains methane and producesethane ponds. “Titan is a big laboratory where you get to play withatmospheres on planetary scales,” Yelle said.In addition, Yelle said, he is fascinated by Titan chemistry as ascientist interested in the origins of life.Learning more about how carbon-containing, or “organic,” moleculesform doesn’t explain how DNA came to be, Yelle said. “A single strand ofDNA contains about 3 billion nucleotides that if stretched out, would besomething like 1.7 meters long. We’re trying to understand moleculeswith just 10 or 12 atoms.”But Titan’s hydrocarbon chemistry holds clues that explain the veryfirst steps of how nature assembled organic molecules, which are theprecursors to amino acids, the building blocks of life, he said.The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, theEuropean Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet PropulsionLaboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology inPasadena, manages the Cassini-Huygens mission for NASA’s Office of SpaceScience, Washington, D.C. The Cassni orbiter and its two onboard cameraswere designed, developed and assembled at JPL. The imaging team is basedat the Space Science Institute, Boulder, Colo. The visual and infraredmapping spectrometer team is based at the University of Arizona Lunar andPlanetary Laboratory, Tucson, Ariz.Ares 1-X PatchThe official embroidered patch for the Ares 1-X rocket test flight, is available for purchase.Apollo CollageThis beautiful one piece set features the Apollo program emblem surrounded by the individual mission logos.Expedition 21The official embroidered patch for the International Space Station Expedition 21 crew is now available from our stores.Hubble PatchThe official embroidered patch for mission STS-125, the space shuttle’s last planned service call to the Hubble Space Telescope, is available for purchase. | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Cassini sees Atlas, Pandora and Janus orbiting Saturn CASSINI PHOTO RELEASEPosted: November 17, 2004Saturn hosts its own miniature solar system, with an entourage of more than 30 moons. This image shows Saturn’s A and F rings, along with three of the moons that orbit close to them. Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science InstituteDownload larger image version From innermost to outermost, tiny Atlas (32 kilometers, or 20 miles, across) orbits just outside of the bright A ring and is seen above center in this view. Prometheus (102 kilometers, or 63 miles, across) is visible near lower right. Prometheus and its smaller cohort, Pandora, shepherd the thin, knotted F ring. Finally Janus (181 kilometers, or 112 miles, across) can be seen near lower left. Janus shares its orbit with the moon Epimetheus. Density waves due to Janus cause some of the bright bands seen in the A ring in this image. Prometheus and Atlas also produce waves in the rings, but their wave regions are too narrow to be seen here. The interactions of the moons with each other and the rings are a major target of study for the Cassini mission. The planet’s shadow stretches all the way across the main rings in this view. The shadow has an oval shape at present, but over the next few years will become more rectangular as the planet orbits the Sun and the angle at which sunlight strikes the rings decreases.The image was taken with the Cassini spacecraft narrow angle camera on Oct. 6, 2004, at a distance of 6.4 million kilometers (4 million miles) from Saturn through a filter sensitive to wavelengths of visible red light. The image scale is 38 kilometers (24 miles) per pixel. The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Cassini-Huygens mission for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Cassini orbiter and its two onboard cameras were designed, developed and assembled at JPL. The imaging team is based at the Space Science Institute, Boulder, Colo. Cassini posterJust in time for the Cassini spacecraft’s arrival at Saturn, this new poster celebrates the mission to explore the ringed planet and its moons. 2005 CalendarThe 2005 edition of the Universe of the Hubble Space Telescope calendar is available from our U.S. store and will soon be available worldwide. This 12×12-inch calendar features spectacular images from the orbiting observatory.Moon panoramaTaken by Apollo 14 commander Alan Shepard, this panoramic poster shows lunar module pilot Edgar Mitchell as a brilliant Sun glare reflects off the lunar module Antares.Mars Rover mission patchA mission patch featuring NASA’s Mars Exploration Rover is now available from the Astronomy Now Store.Apollo 11 special patchSpecial collectors’ patch marking the 35th anniversary of the historic Apollo 11 moon landing is now available.Choose your store: – | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Cassini sees crescent Rhea CASSINI PHOTO RELEASEPosted: July 21, 2004The first artificial satellite in the Saturn system, the Cassini spacecraft, returned images of the natural moons following a successful insertion into orbit. This is an unmagnified view of the moon Rhea. Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science InstituteDownload a larger image version With a diameter of 1,528 kilometers (950 miles) across, Rhea is Saturn’s second largest moon. The Voyager spacecraft found that like Dione, Rhea has one of its hemispheres covered with bright, wispy streaks which may be water frost. This view shows a heavily cratered surface, and thus it is most likely ancient. Many of the craters visible here have central peaks. Cassini soon will look for clues to help unlock the moon’s geologic history. The spacecraft is slated to fly by Rhea at a distance of only 500 kilometers (311 miles) on Nov. 26, 2005. The image was taken in visible light with the Cassini spacecraft narrow angle camera on July 2, 2004, from a distance of about 990,000 kilometers (615,000 miles) from Rhea and at a Sun-Rhea-spacecraft, or phase angle of about 109 degrees. The image scale is 6 kilometers (4 miles) per pixel. The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Cassini-Huygens mission for NASA’s Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Cassini orbiter and its two onboard cameras, were designed, developed and assembled at JPL. The imaging team is based at the Space Science Institute, Boulder, Colo. Ares 1-X PatchThe official embroidered patch for the Ares 1-X rocket test flight, is available for purchase.Apollo CollageThis beautiful one piece set features the Apollo program emblem surrounded by the individual mission logos.Expedition 21The official embroidered patch for the International Space Station Expedition 21 crew is now available from our stores.Hubble PatchThe official embroidered patch for mission STS-125, the space shuttle’s last planned service call to the Hubble Space Telescope, is available for purchase. | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Cassini sees objects, density waves in Saturn’s rings UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO-BOULDER NEWS RELEASEPosted: November 9, 2004A University of Colorado at Boulder-built instrument riding on the Cassini-Huygens spacecraft is being used to resolve objects in Saturn’s rings smaller than a football field, making them twice as sharp as any previous ring observations. This false color image of two density waves in Saturn’s A ring was made from the stellar occultation observed by Cassini’s ultraviolet imaging spectrograph. Bright areas indicate the denser regions of the rings. The bright bands in the left part of the image are the “peaks” of a density wave caused by gravitational stirring of the rings by Saturn’s moon, Janus. A smaller density wave in the right half of the image is produced by the moon Pandora. The ultraviolet imaging spectrograph observed the brightness of the star Xi Ceti as the rings passed in front of it, and the flickering of the starlight was converted into the ring density depicted by the image. The image represents a distance of about 724 kilometers (450 miles), and the smallest features are about one-half mile across. Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Colorado at BoulderDownload larger image version Joshua Colwell of CU-Boulder’s Laboratory for Atmospheric andSpace Physics said the observations were made with UltravioletImaging Spectrograph, or UVIS, when Cassini was about 4.2 millionmiles, or 6.75 million kilometers, from Saturn in July. Saturnorbits the Sun roughly 1 billion miles distant from Earth.Colwell and his colleagues used a technique known as stellaroccultation to image the ring particles, pointing the instrumentthrough the rings towards the star, Xi Ceti. The fluctuations ofstarlight passing through the rings provide information on thestructure and dynamics of the particles within them, said Colwell, aUVIS science team member.He likened the Saturn system to a mammoth phonograph record,with the planet in the middle and the rings stretching outward morethan 40,000 miles, or 64,000 kilometers. The size of the ringparticles varies from dust specks to mountains, with most rangingbetween the size of marbles and boulders, he said.The Cassini observations show dramatic variations in thenumber of ring particles over very short distances, Colwell said.The particles in individual ringlets are bunched closely together,with the amount of material dropping abruptly at the ringlet edge.”What we see with the new observations is that some of thering edges are very sharp,” said Colwell. The sharp edges of smallringlets are especially evident in the C ring and in the so-calledCassini Division on either side of the bright B ring, Saturn’slargest ring.The Cassini observations with UVIS show that the distancebetween the presence and absence of orbiting material at some ringedges can be as little as 160 feet, or 50 meters, about the length ofa typical commercial jetliner, he said.The sharp edges illustrate the dynamics that constrain thering processes against their natural tendency to spread into nearby,empty space, said Colwell. “Nature abhors a vacuum, so it is likelygravity from a nearby small moon and ongoing meteoroid collisionsconfine the particles in the ring.”Colwell presented his findings at the 36th annual Division ofPlanetary Sciences Meeting held in Louisville, Ken. Nov. 8 to Nov 12.The stellar occultation process using UVIS also shows veryhigh-resolution views of several density waves visible in the rings,including a previously unstudied one, he said. Density waves areripple-like features in the rings caused by the influence of Saturn’smoons — in this case, the small moon, Janus.”Small moons near Saturn’s rings stir the ring particles withtheir gravitational pull,” Colwell said. At certain locations in therings, known as resonances, the orbit of a particular moon matches upwith the orbit of certain ring particles in a way that enhances thestirring process, he said.The density waves, which resemble a tightly wound spiral muchlike the groove in a phonograph record, slowly propagate away fromthe resonance toward the perturbing moon, he said. “This can createa wave in the ring that looks like a ripple in a pond,” said Colwell.”The shapes of these wave peaks and troughs help scientistsunderstand whether the ring particles are hard and bouncy, like agolf ball, or soft and less bouncy, like a snowball,” Colwell said.He noted that a density wave analysis by scientists involved inNASA’s Voyager 2 mission that visited Saturn in 1981 were used todetermine the mass and thickness of the planet’s rings.The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA,the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The JetPropulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute ofTechnology in Pasadena, manages the Cassini-Huygens mission forNASA’s Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C.CU-Boulder Professor Larry Esposito of LASP is the principalinvestigator for the $12.5 million UVIS instrument, designed andbuilt for JPL at CU-Boulder.Cassini posterJust in time for the Cassini spacecraft’s arrival at Saturn, this new poster celebrates the mission to explore the ringed planet and its moons. 2005 CalendarThe 2005 edition of the Universe of the Hubble Space Telescope calendar is available from our U.S. store and will soon be available worldwide. This 12×12-inch calendar features spectacular images from the orbiting observatory.Moon panoramaTaken by Apollo 14 commander Alan Shepard, this panoramic poster shows lunar module pilot Edgar Mitchell as a brilliant Sun glare reflects off the lunar module Antares.Mars Rover mission patchA mission patch featuring NASA’s Mars Exploration Rover is now available from the Astronomy Now Store.Apollo 11 special patchSpecial collectors’ patch marking the 35th anniversary of the historic Apollo 11 moon landing is now available.Choose your store: – | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Cassini sees the moon Tethys: The Sea Goddess CASSINI PHOTO RELEASEPosted: July 23, 2004Like a half-full moon, cratered Tethys hangs before the Cassini spacecraft in this narrow angle camera view taken on July 3, 2004. Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science InstituteDownload a larger image version Voyager images showed a large fracture on Tethys about 750 kilometers (470 miles) long (not seen in this view). Cassini will investigate this and other features on Tethys during two planned flybys, the first occurring on September 24, 2005. Tethys is 1,060 kilometers (659 miles) across. The image was taken in visible light from a distance of 1.7 million kilometers (1 million miles) from Tethys and at a Sun-Tethys-spacecraft, or phase angle of about 97 degrees. The image scale is 10 kilometers (6 miles) per pixel. The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Cassini-Huygens mission for NASA’s Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Cassini orbiter and its two onboard cameras, were designed, developed and assembled at JPL. The imaging team is based at the Space Science Institute, Boulder, Colo. Ares 1-X PatchThe official embroidered patch for the Ares 1-X rocket test flight, is available for purchase.Apollo CollageThis beautiful one piece set features the Apollo program emblem surrounded by the individual mission logos.Expedition 21The official embroidered patch for the International Space Station Expedition 21 crew is now available from our stores.Hubble PatchThe official embroidered patch for mission STS-125, the space shuttle’s last planned service call to the Hubble Space Telescope, is available for purchase. | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Cassini shows the dark side of Saturn’s moon Dione CASSINI PHOTO RELEASEPosted: July 19, 2004The icy, cratered surface of Saturn’s moon Dione shows more than just its sunlit side in these two processed versions of the same image. Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science InstituteDownload a larger image version The view at left, with only mild enhancement, shows a romantic crescent with large craters visible. The contrast in the version at the right has been greatly enhanced to show the side of Dione lit faintly by reflected light from Saturn. A similar phenomenon can be seen from Earth, when the Moon’s dark side is visible due to “earthshine.” The crater at the top of the image appears to have a sunlit central peak in the enhanced view — a common characteristic of craters on Dione as seen in Voyager images. Slight variations in brightness on the moon’s dark side hint at the bright curved linear streaks, seen by Voyager. These streaks are thought to be deposits of water ice. The image was taken with the Cassini spacecraft narrow angle camera on July 2, 2004, from a distance of about 1.4 million kilometers (860,000 thousand miles) from Dione, at a Sun-Dione-spacecraft, or phase angle of about 119 degrees. The image scale is 8 kilometers (5 miles) per pixel. Dione’s diameter is 1,118 kilometers (695 miles) across. The images have been magnified by a factor of two to aid visibility. The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Cassini-Huygens mission for NASA’s Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Cassini orbiter and its two onboard cameras, were designed, developed and assembled at JPL. The imaging team is based at the Space Science Institute, Boulder, Colo. Ares 1-X PatchThe official embroidered patch for the Ares 1-X rocket test flight, is available for purchase.Apollo CollageThis beautiful one piece set features the Apollo program emblem surrounded by the individual mission logos.Expedition 21The official embroidered patch for the International Space Station Expedition 21 crew is now available from our stores.Hubble PatchThe official embroidered patch for mission STS-125, the space shuttle’s last planned service call to the Hubble Space Telescope, is available for purchase. | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Cassini takes picture of departing Huygens probe CASSINI PHOTO RELEASEPosted: December 26, 2004 Credit: NASA/JPLDownload larger image version The Cassini spacecraft snapped this image of the European Space Agency’s Huygens probe about 12 hours after its release from the orbiter. The probe successfully detached from Cassini on Dec. 24, 2004, and is on course for its January 14 encounter with Titan. The Huygens probe will remain dormant until the onboard timer wakes it up just before the probe reaches Titan’s upper atmosphere on Jan. 14, 2005. Then it will begin a dramatic plunge through Titan’s murky atmosphere, tasting its chemical makeup and composition as it descends to touch down on its surface. The data gathered during this 2-1/2 hour descent will be transmitted from the probe to the Cassini orbiter.Afterward, Cassini will point its antenna to Earth and relay the data through NASA’s Deep Space Network to JPL and on to the European Space Agency’s Space Operations Center in Darmstadt, Germany, which serves as the operations center for the Huygens probe mission. From this control center, ESA engineers will be tracking the probe and scientists will be standing by to process the data from the probe’s six instruments. Credit: NASA/JPLDownload larger image version The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the mission for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Cassini orbiter and its two onboard cameras were designed, developed and assembled at JPL.Ares 1-X PatchThe official embroidered patch for the Ares 1-X rocket test flight, is available for purchase.Apollo CollageThis beautiful one piece set features the Apollo program emblem surrounded by the individual mission logos.Expedition 21The official embroidered patch for the International Space Station Expedition 21 crew is now available from our stores.Hubble PatchThe official embroidered patch for mission STS-125, the space shuttle’s last planned service call to the Hubble Space Telescope, is available for purchase. | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Cassini spacecraft’s solar conjunction ends CASSINI PHOTO RELEASEPosted: July 12, 2004The Cassini spacecraft emerged from behind the Sun today after being in solar conjunction since July 5. The most recent spacecraft telemetry was acquired from the Deep Space Network’s Goldstone tracking station near Barstow, Calif., today. The spacecraft is in excellent health and operating normally.Just before Cassini began its transit behind the Sun, it snapped pictures of Saturn’s moonsMimas, Tethys, Rhea and Iapetus. These and other new pictures from Saturn can be found as raw images at .Solar conjunction occurs when the Sun is between the spacecraft and Earth. During this time, the spacecraft conducts only limited science observations. Command and downlink capability is reduced to a minimum, with an uplink command file consisting of 10 commands sent every five minutes, 10 to 20 times a day. The purpose of this test is to assess the spaceraft’s ability to receive commands from Earth when the signal path goes so close to the Sun.The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Cassini-Huygens mission for NASA’s Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. JPL designed, developed and assembled the Cassini orbiter.Ares 1-X PatchThe official embroidered patch for the Ares 1-X rocket test flight, is available for purchase.Apollo CollageThis beautiful one piece set features the Apollo program emblem surrounded by the individual mission logos.Expedition 21The official embroidered patch for the International Space Station Expedition 21 crew is now available from our stores.Hubble PatchThe official embroidered patch for mission STS-125, the space shuttle’s last planned service call to the Hubble Space Telescope, is available for purchase. | | | | 2014 Spaceflight Now Inc.Cassini spacecraft executes crucial rocket firing BY WILLIAM HARWOOD

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